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Text: Ar. Robin Sisodiya, Founder and Principal Architect, ASRO Arcade, Gurugram

Deeply rooted in local traditions and indigenous practices, traditional design approaches have remained timeless and offer invaluable lessons for contemporary architecture. From climate-responsive strategies to sustainable material choices, vernacular architecture defines harmony with the natural environment. By exploring the ingenious techniques employed by ancestors, one can adapt and apply them to create resilient and sustainable designs.

• Passive design strategies

Passive design strategies such as adjustable louvers, strategically positioned windows, and breathable facades optimize natural ventilation to enhance indoor air quality and comfort. For instance, the perforated façade allows the exchange of fresh air while maintaining privacy and protection. Cross-ventilation is achieved by aligning openings to capture winds, facilitating a constant flow of fresh air. They reduce humidity levels, promote air movement, and create a pleasant indoor environment without the need for mechanical systems. modern homes harmonize with nature, ensuring a healthy and comfortable living space.

• Material selection

Materials in a resilient design are inspired by vernacular architecture’s emphasis on sustainability and durability. One can explore eco-friendly alternatives such as recycled materials, locally sourced timber, and engineered composites, that offer enhanced resistance to moisture and ensure long-term structural integrity. Additionally, utilizing waterproofing membranes, coatings, and sealants provides an extra layer of protection against water infiltration.

• Rainwater harvesting

Inspired by vernacular practices, rainwater harvesting combines protection from heavy rainfall while harnessing the water. Landscaping incorporates swales, rain gardens, and permeable paving systems that absorb excess water, reducing strain on drainage systems. Native plant species further promote water absorption. Simultaneously, roof designs inspired by vernacular architecture feature overhanging roofs and deep eaves, providing ample coverage to prevent water seepage and save rainwater. Rainwater collection systems not only are efficient for harvesting and storage but also promote sustainable water use.

• Inclusion of community spaces

Building on the communal spirit of vernacular architecture, modern designs prioritize community spaces that provide shelter and foster social interaction. Covered courtyards, shared verandas, and rain shelters become gathering points where communities can come together. These inclusive spaces contribute to a sense of belonging and strengthen community resilience.

In a world struggling with climate change, vernacular architecture has immense significance. Designers learn from the heritage of traditional practices and integrate them into modern approaches. Thus, by embracing the wisdom of vernacular architecture, one seeks a path towards sustainable and resilient design.